Food and Environment

by Yadav Sharma Bajagai "Food Security" is one of major elements of development and poverty alleviation and has been the goal of many international and national public organizations. The issue is so important that according to the state of food insecurity in the world 2012 published by FAO around 870 million people (out of which 852 million from developing countries) are estimated to have been undernourished in the period 2010-12. Although the phrase "Food Security" is being used widely, the definition and concept of food security is elusive and being evolved and expanded over time.

by Yadav Sharma Bajagai Emperor penguins ( Aptenodytes forsteri) are regarded as an icon of Antarctica due to its peculiar appearance and behaviour. These are the largest of all penguins adapted to extreme climatic condition of Antarctica [ 1 ] and are particularly susceptible to environmental changes in southern ocean as a result of global climate change due to being ice-obligate species [ 2 ] . Size of the bird also increases its susceptibility to climate change [ 3 ] and its morphology which prevent them to forage up to greater depth and range make the situation even worse [ 2 ] . Alteration in sea ice condition, which ultimately affects availability of pray and breeding and moulting of these birds, significantly affects their population [ 2 ] . 

by Yadav Sharma Bajagai Swine are particularly susceptible to increased environmental temperature because evaporative cooling by sweating is of limited value to them due to barely functional sweat glands. Impacts of thermal stress on pig due to increased ambient temperature are described here briefly.   For Impacts of Climate Change on Cattle , Click Here.

Following are some typical consequences when sales volume, number of customers, or profit margin is decreased in an organization. a) Decrease in capacity of the organization to invest in new technology Decreased capacity of the organization to invest in new technology due to reduced profit margin leads to the decreased capacity of the organization to compete with others in the market resulting decreased market share. Reduced market share results less revenue which in turn decreases profit margin.